This project belongs to the basic research on the application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in emergency cases. Based on the academic experience and clinical practice of renowned TCM experts, a creative academic theory for treating acute cerebral infarction with the 'Fuyuan Xingnao' method was constructed. It has passed through a series of clinical and basic research studies, revealing the mechanisms of TCM in preventing and treating acute cerebral infarction. Supported by two National Natural Science Foundation projects and two key projects, this project took the lead in China to conduct research on the mechanisms related to insulin resistance in cerebral infarction, vascular stability and reconstruction in diabetic cerebral infarction, and the protection of ischemic post-injury by effective TCM extracts. It also explored the basic and clinical aspects of common treatment methods for 'acute cerebral infarction' and the treatment of sequelae, with the following innovative points: 1. Summarized the TCM diagnostic rules for acute cerebral infarction. A treatment strategy for acute cerebral infarction based on the 'Rejuvenation and Awakening Brain' theory has been established. The project team broke away from the traditional Chinese medicine understanding of 'treating the symptoms when urgent, and treating the root cause when it is not', and for the first time proposed the academic theory of 'acute deficiency syndrome where even in urgency, one can also treat the root cause'. Guided by this theory, they innovatively proposed the core pathogenesis of acute cerebral infarction as 'deficiency of primordial qi being the root cause', established a new prevention and treatment strategy for acute cerebral infarction that mainly supports the primordial qi with the 'Rejuvenation and Awakening Brain' method, and formulated a new prescription for Rejuvenation and Awakening Brain decoction. At the same time, it is included in both national consensus and national teaching materials. 2. It was one of the first to conduct research on acute cerebral infarction and insulin resistance. Through randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical studies, it has been confirmed that Fuyuan Xingnao Decoction treatment for cerebral infarction shows significant effects in terms of overall efficacy, neurological function, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, insulin sensitivity index, inflammatory mediators, coagulation indicators, etc., and can improve insulin resistance in diabetic cerebral infarction. Basic research has also verified that Fuyuan Xingnao Decoction reduces insulin resistance in diabetic rats with cerebral infarction and improves neurological deficits, providing new insights for the formulation of prevention and treatment strategies for acute cerebral infarction. 3. It pioneered a series of studies on vascular homeostasis and reconstruction signaling pathways, revealing the target points and mechanisms of action of Fuyuan Xingnao Decoction in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Provided scientific evidence for the new theory of 'Rejuvenation Brain Revitalization' therapy in acute cerebral infarction. (1) It was confirmed that Rejuvenation Brain Revitalization Soup can directly increase or indirectly increase the number of EPCs and their adhesion, migration, and proliferation functions by enhancing the regulatory factor SDF-1/CXCR4 axis and VEGF, promoting local neural and vascular regeneration and collateral circulation establishment; (2) It was confirmed that Rejuvenation Brain Revitalization Soup can promote the expression of cyclin E1 and CDC25A, inhibit the expression of microRNA, indirectly enhance the tube formation, migration, and proliferation ability of BMECs, and promote the neovascularization and reconstruction of blood vessels; (3) It was confirmed that Rejuvenation Brain Revitalization Soup can intervene in the expression of Rab1 in cerebral cortical microvascular endothelial cells and ischemic brain tissue of cerebral infarction, as well as its mediated AT1R in vesicle transport, Promote the repair of endothelial cells and the regeneration and reconstruction of blood vessels. 4. Under the guidance of the 'Rejuvenation Brain Revitalization' theory, reveal the target points for the prevention and treatment of stroke with depression in traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas - regulating CRF in the bndf, cannabinoid receptors, and VTA-NAC tissues, improving post-stroke depression in rats. A series of molecular mechanism studies on the treatment of diabetic cerebral infarction with Rejuvenation Brain Revitalization Soup have confirmed that Rejuvenation Brain Revitalization Soup has a significant effect on insulin resistance, neurofunctional deficits, cerebral blood flow, blood-brain barrier permeability, microcirculation function of the brain, stroke with depression, etc., promoting angiogenesis and tissue repair in ischemic brain tissue of diabetic cerebral infarction rats. The 'Revitalization and Brain Revitalization' prevention and treatment system has been promoted and applied in 6 hospitals in Shanghai. The discipline construction has become a national regional diagnosis and treatment center, a national key clinical specialty, a national key subject of the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and a key clinical specialty of Shanghai. It has completed 2 expert consensus documents, 4 textbook series, and 4 monographs, published 61 papers, including 6 SCI articles, with a total of 390 citations.