Technical Overview:

Thistechnology utilizes a water treatment system based on high-throughput flatplasma (namely, the Plasma Nano-Bubble (PNNB) system) to address issues such asriver pollution, insufficient oxygen supply, black and odorous water duringflood seasons caused by sediment accumulation, and aquatic ecosystemdegradation. The goal is to achieve the dual objectives of water purificationand ecological restoration. The PNNB system functions by injectingplasma-activated micro-nano bubbles into the water body to achieve thefollowing effects: under air or oxygen-rich conditions, the plasma generateshighly reactive oxygen radicals (·OH, O₃, H₂O₂,etc.); when the micro-nano bubbles collapse, they enhance oxygen transferefficiency and fluid disturbance in the water, promoting the decomposition ofpollutants; and they provide sustained dissolved oxygen enhancement, laying theenvironmental foundation for ecological restoration of the water body.

Technical Principles:

Thistechnology comprises three sub-technologies, namely, high-throughput plasmagenerator technology, plasma combined with micro-nano bubble technology, andwater-gas integration technology. The testing methods and related principlesare outlined as follows:

High-Throughput PlasmaGenerator Technology: The outlet of the high-throughput plasmagenerator is connected to a micro-nano bubble generator to form a gas-liquidmixture. This process simultaneously produces a large number of micron- andnano-sized bubbles while breaking apart aggregated molecular clusters. Withinthe micro-nano bubble spaces, free radicals (such as active oxygen, oxygenions, hydrogen ions, and hydroxide ions) are generated. These free radicals candecompose pollutants that are otherwise difficult to break down under normalconditions, thereby achieving water purification.

Plasma + Micro-NanoBubble Technology: This technology utilizes specialized equipmentto generate a large volume of plasma combined with micro-nano bubbles,achieving a dissolution rate in water exceeding 85%. Water treated withmicro-nano bubbles exhibits a purification capacity far superior to that ofnatural self-purification processes, with the added functionality of degradingpesticide residues present in the water.

Water-Gas FusionTechnology: A large volume of plasma-activated micro-nano bubbles iscontinuously introduced into the river water and thoroughly mixed over anextended period. These bubbles actively capture and decompose organic compoundsthrough chemical reactions and restructuring, ultimately volatilizing in theform of nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and CO₂, leaving no residue inthe water and causing no secondary pollution.

Process Route:

Theoutlet of the high-throughput plasma generator is connected to a micro-nanobubble generator to form a gas-liquid mixture. This gas-liquid mixture exhibitsan extremely high rotational speed and a gas-to-liquid density ratio of 1:1000,resulting in a mechanical multiplication effect. At the gas-liquid interface,this creates high-speed and intense shear forces along with high-frequencypressure fluctuations, thereby generating artificially extreme conditions.Under these conditions, a large number of micron- and nano-sized bubbles aregenerated, which simultaneously break apart polymer molecular clusters,resulting in the formation of small-cluster active water. This process can alsoionize and dissociate a portion of water molecules, producing reactive oxygenspecies, oxygen ions, hydrogen ions, and hydroxyl ions within the micro-nanobubble space. Among these, hydroxyl radicals possess an extremely highreduction potential and exhibit strong oxidative properties, enabling thedecomposition of pollutants that are otherwise difficult to break down undernormal conditions, thereby achieving water purification.